oraclelinux5.8安裝oracle11grac環(huán)境之grid安裝
安裝環(huán)境:
創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)自2013年起，先為萊山等服務(wù)建站，萊山等地企業(yè)，進(jìn)行企業(yè)商務(wù)咨詢(xún)服務(wù)。為萊山企業(yè)網(wǎng)站制作PC+手機(jī)+微官網(wǎng)三網(wǎng)同步一站式服務(wù)解決您的所有建站問(wèn)題。
操作系統(tǒng):oracle linux 5.8 64位
集群軟件:linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of1.zip,linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
cpu:1顆
內(nèi)存:必須1.5G以上(一般是2G)
本地磁盤(pán):20G(根分區(qū)9G,swap是2G,home分區(qū)是9G)
asm軟件:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
IP地址劃分:192.168.3.100 rac1 eth0
192.168.3.101 rac2 eth0
192.168.3.200 rac1-vip eth0:1
192.168.3.201 rac2-vip eth0:1
10.0.0.1 rac1-priv eth2
10.0.0.2 rac2-priv eth2
192.168.3.155 scan-cluster eth0
IP說(shuō)明:
每臺(tái)服務(wù)器必須兩塊網(wǎng)卡, public ip,priv ip和scan ip必須在同一網(wǎng)段.public和priv必須在網(wǎng)卡中寫(xiě)明地址,vip在地址是自己添加的.
1.安裝操作系統(tǒng),圖形化安裝
安裝系統(tǒng)時(shí)將iptable和selinux全部禁用
2.配置虛擬機(jī)的網(wǎng)卡
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:BE:51:CE
ONBOOT=yes
DHCP_HOSTNAME=rac1
IPADDR=192.168.3.100
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:BE:51:D8
ONBOOT=yes
HOTPLUG=no
DHCP_HOSTNAME=rac1
IPADDR=10.0.0.1
[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth2: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth2: [ OK ]
[root@rac1 ~]#
rac2節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:7B:C0:13
ONBOOT=yes
DHCP_HOSTNAME=rac2
IPADDR=192.168.3.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rac2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE=eth2
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:0C:29:7B:C0:1D
ONBOOT=yes
DHCP_HOSTNAME=rac2
IPADDR=10.0.0.2
[root@rac2 ~]#
3.配置hosts文件,主機(jī)名與IP地址解析(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都是一樣的)
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.3.100 rac1.localdomain rac1
192.168.3.101 rac2.localdomain rac2
192.168.3.200 rac1-vip.localdomain rac1-vip
192.168.3.201 rac2-vip.localdomain rac2-vip
10.0.0.1 rac1-priv.localdomain rac1-priv
10.0.0.2 rac2-priv.localdomain rac2-priv
#192.168.3.155 scan-cluster.localdomain scan-cluster --注意,scan是用DNS解析的，在hosts文件中就不需要要定義了,否則會(huì)出錯(cuò)
[root@rac1 ~]#
4.光盤(pán)鏡像掛載,安裝軟件依賴(lài)包(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)是一樣的)
[root@rac1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
[root@rac1 ~]# yum repolist
[root@rac1 ~]# yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel bind bind-chroot bind-lib -y
5.配置DNS,解析rac1,rac2,scan-cluster的IP地址
[root@rac1 ~]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@rac1 etc]# cp -p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf
[root@rac1 etc]# vim named.conf
listen-on port 53 { any; };
allow-query { any; };
allow-query-cache { any; };
match-clients { any; };
match-destinations { any; };
[root@rac1 etc]# vim named.rfc1912.zones --添加域名反向解析
zone "3.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "3.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
allow-update { none; };
};
[root@rac1 etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
[root@rac1 named]# cp -p localdomain.zone 3.168.192.in-addr.arpa
[root@rac1 named]# vim 3.168.192.in-addr.arpa
[root@rac1 named]# vim localdomain.zone
[root@rac1 named]# /etc/init.d/named restart
6.修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)必須一至)
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
[root@rac1 ~]#sysctl -p --使配置生效
7.創(chuàng)建用戶(hù)，用戶(hù)組,用戶(hù)設(shè)置密碼(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)必須一至)
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1001 dba
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1002 oper
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1004 asmdba
[root@rac1 ~]# groupadd -g 1005 asmoper
[root@rac2 ~]# useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle oracle
[root@rac1 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@rac2 ~]# useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmoper,asmdba -d /home/grid grid
[root@rac1 ~]# passwd grid
Changing password for user grid.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@rac1 ~]#
8.創(chuàng)建oracle與grid存放的目錄(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)必須一至)
[root@rac1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/grid/app
[root@rac1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/grid/11.2.0/grid --ORACLE_HOME目錄不能在ORACLE_BASE目錄在下面,否則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /home/grid/app
[root@rac1 ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/app -p
[root@rac1 ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 -p
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/
[root@rac1 ~]#
9.修改用戶(hù)對(duì)文件打開(kāi)的限制(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)一至)
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
[root@rac1 ~]#
10.登陸oracle用戶(hù)添加環(huán)境變量和ssh互相信任
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=racdb01 --rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)就是racdb02
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
f4:4a:af:8d:36:26:ce:5e:b9:75:75:08:09:56:a3:77 oracle@rac1
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys oracle@10.0.0.2:/home/oracle/
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.2 (10.0.0.2)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b7:fa:04:54:02:f7:84:c3:c1:75:9b:35:8c:de:17:82.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.2' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@10.0.0.2's password:
authorized_keys 100% 393 0.4KB/s 00:00
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$
rac2節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac2 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=racdb02
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
83:5c:10:bf:a5:19:c3:56:07:da:48:52:86:39:d0:e7 oracle@rac2
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ mv authorized_keys .ssh/
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[oracle@rac2 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
[oracle@rac2 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
[oracle@rac2 .ssh]$ ll
total 12
-rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 786 Sep 14 10:26 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 1679 Sep 14 10:26 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 393 Sep 14 10:26 id_rsa.pub
[oracle@rac2 .ssh]$
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ scp oracle@10.0.0.2:/home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys .
authorized_keys 100% 786 0.8KB/s 00:00
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ ll
total 16
-rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 786 Sep 14 10:27 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 1675 Sep 14 10:23 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 393 Sep 14 10:23 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 390 Sep 14 10:24 known_hosts
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ ssh rac2-priv date --這時(shí)要檢查(rac1,rac2,rac1-priv,rac2-priv全部通過(guò),否則安裝時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),在rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)上也要一個(gè)一個(gè)檢查)
The authenticity of host 'rac2-priv (10.0.0.2)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b7:fa:04:54:02:f7:84:c3:c1:75:9b:35:8c:de:17:82.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'rac2-priv' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Wed Sep 14 10:31:16 CST 2016
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$ ssh rac2-priv date
Wed Sep 14 10:31:17 CST 2016
[oracle@rac1 .ssh]$
11.登陸grid用戶(hù)添加環(huán)境變量,ssh互相信任
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/grid/app
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/grid/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/grid/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
f8:89:6c:fc:59:84:92:d8:88:a1:82:c3:ca:1c:a7:35 grid@rac1
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys grid@10.0.0.2:/home/grid/
authorized_keys 100% 391 0.4KB/s 00:00
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$
rac2節(jié)點(diǎn):
[root@rac2 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac2 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/grid/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
[grid@rac2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/grid/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
04:f4:a0:05:13:bd:3c:fc:39:d1:04:40:a1:b1:a6:b4 grid@rac2
[grid@rac2 ~]$ mv authorized_keys .ssh/
[grid@rac2 ~]$ cd .ssh/
[grid@rac2 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
[grid@rac2 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
[grid@rac2 .ssh]$ ll
total 12
-rw------- 1 grid oinstall 782 Sep 14 10:40 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 grid oinstall 1675 Sep 14 10:40 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 391 Sep 14 10:40 id_rsa.pub
[grid@rac2 .ssh]$
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ scp grid@10.0.0.2:/home/grid/.ssh/authorized_keys .
authorized_keys 100% 782 0.8KB/s 00:00
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ ll
total 20
-r--r----- 1 grid oinstall 391 Sep 14 10:38 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 grid oinstall 1675 Sep 14 10:38 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 391 Sep 14 10:38 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 390 Sep 14 10:38 known_hosts
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ ssh rac1 date --檢查ssh是否生效(rac1,rac2,rac1-priv,rac2-priv都要測(cè)試通過(guò),否則安裝時(shí)會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)也要測(cè)試)
The authenticity of host 'rac1 (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b4:90:ba:90:1e:0e:9e:ce:5a:23:70:17:76:e0:6a:9d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'rac1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Wed Sep 14 10:43:14 CST 2016
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$ ssh rac1 date
Wed Sep 14 10:43:15 CST 2016
[grid@rac1 .ssh]$
12.修改用戶(hù)登陸模塊,停止ntpd服務(wù)(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)一樣)
[root@rac1 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
[root@rac1 ~]# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.back
[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/ntpd stop
Shutting down ntpd: [FAILED]
[root@rac1 ~]#
13.關(guān)閉rac1節(jié)點(diǎn),添加本地磁盤(pán),使用iscsi共享存儲(chǔ)
ocr盤(pán):1G /dev/sdb
voting disk盤(pán):1G /dev/sdc
FLASK recovery盤(pán):10G /dev/sdd
DATA disk盤(pán):10G /dev/sde
rac1節(jié)點(diǎn):(添加磁盤(pán)的節(jié)點(diǎn))
(1).在rac1節(jié)點(diǎn)添加磁盤(pán)
(2).在rac1和rac2的配置文件添加參數(shù)
disk.locking="FALSE"
scsi1.SharedBus="Virtual"
scsi1.shared="TRUE"
(3).在rac2添加已有的磁盤(pán),在rac1創(chuàng)建的磁盤(pán)
14.安裝oracleasm軟件包,創(chuàng)建自動(dòng)存儲(chǔ)(兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)必須全部安裝)
[root@rac1 ~]# yum install oracleasm*
[root@rac1 ~]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm init
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm status
Checking if ASM is loaded: yes
Checking if /dev/oracleasm is mounted: yes
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm configure
ORACLEASM_ENABLED=true
ORACLEASM_UID=grid
ORACLEASM_GID=asmadmin
ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true
ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=""
ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=""
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk VOL01 /dev/sdb1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk VOL02 /dev/sdc1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk VOL03 /dev/sdd1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk VOL04 /dev/sde1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm listdisks
VOL01
VOL02
VOL03
VOL04
[root@rac1 ~]# oracleasm querydisk /dev/sd*
Device "/dev/sda" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sda1" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sda2" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sda3" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sdb" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sdb1" is marked an ASM disk with the label "VOL01"
Device "/dev/sdc" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sdc1" is marked an ASM disk with the label "VOL02"
Device "/dev/sdd" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sdd1" is marked an ASM disk with the label "VOL03"
Device "/dev/sde" is not marked as an ASM disk
Device "/dev/sde1" is marked an ASM disk with the label "VOL04"
[root@rac1 ~]#
rac2節(jié)點(diǎn):
在rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)只需要掃描磁盤(pán)就行了,不需要全新安裝和創(chuàng)建
[root@rac2 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...
Instantiating disk "VOL04"
Instantiating disk "VOL03"
Instantiating disk "VOL01"
Instantiating disk "VOL02"
[root@rac2 ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks
VOL01
VOL02
VOL03
VOL04
[root@rac2 ~]#
15.grid集群軟件安裝(安裝之前檢查下條件)
[grid@rac1 grid]# ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 -fixup -verbose
####檢查結(jié)果必須是:Pre-check for cluster services setup was successful .否則安裝不成功
下面圖有點(diǎn)問(wèn)題:Cluster Name:應(yīng)該是scan-cluster,SCAN Name:應(yīng)該是scan-cluster.localdomain
腳本執(zhí)行順序:
先在rac1節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行orainstRoot.sh腳本
然后在rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行orainstRoot.sh腳本
最后在rac1節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行root.sh腳本
最后在rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行root.sh腳本
完成
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