java如何實(shí)現(xiàn)圖書館管理系統(tǒng)
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具體內(nèi)容如下
思路：所有包都在book_manage包里
利用面向?qū)ο蟮亩鄳B(tài)特性去除了很多if-else的判斷，不同的子類在父類所對(duì)應(yīng)的方法不同。
1.首先建立一個(gè)book包
包里面有2個(gè)類，一個(gè)是Book,這個(gè)類里面包含一本書的全部信息
另外一個(gè)類是BookList，這個(gè)類是用來(lái)管理每一個(gè)書，通過(guò)這個(gè)類來(lái)尋找每一本書。
private Book[] books = new Book[100];
Book數(shù)組里面存放所有的書。
2.再建立一個(gè)包Operation 這個(gè)類里面有一個(gè)OI接口，通過(guò)對(duì)接口里面的Work方法重寫，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)管理員身份和普通用戶身份的不同操作。
3.最后建立一個(gè)User包，里面有三個(gè)類，User，Admin,NormalUser
Admin和NormalUser都繼承自User.
User里秒你有一個(gè)數(shù)組
protected IO[] operation;
這個(gè)數(shù)組里面包含了用戶或者管理員所具備的操作。
通過(guò)對(duì)數(shù)組的索引來(lái)確定具體需要調(diào)用的操作方法。
下面來(lái)看看代碼吧：
book包
Book類
package book_manager.book;
public class Book {
private String name;
private String id;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isBorrow;
public Book(String name, String id, String author, int price,
String type, boolean isBorrow) {
this.name = name;
this.id = id;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
this.isBorrow = isBorrow;
}
@Override //Object中內(nèi)置的類，用來(lái)格式化打印book的信息
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", id='" + id + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", isBorrow=" + isBorrow +
'}';
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public boolean isBorrow(){
return isBorrow;
}
public void setBorrow(boolean bool){
this.isBorrow=bool;
}
public String getId(){
return id;
}
}BookList類
package book_manager.book;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class BookList {
private Book[] books = new Book[100];
private int size;
public BookList(){
books[0] = new Book("金瓶梅",
"001", "蘭陵笑笑生", 100,
"古典名著", false);
books[1] = new Book("水滸傳",
"002", "施耐庵", 100,
"古典名著", false);
books[2] = new Book("西游記",
"003", "吳承恩", 100,
"古典名著", false);
size = 3;
}
public int getSize(){
return size;
}
public void setBooks(int index,Book book){
books[index]=book;
}
public void setSize(int size){
this.size=size;
}
public Book getBook(int index){
return books[index];
}
}Operation包：
ADD類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ADD implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入書名");
String name =scanner.next();
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入序號(hào)");
String id = scanner.next();
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入作者");
String author =scanner.next();
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入價(jià)格");
int price = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入類型");
String type = scanner.next();
Book book = new Book(name, id,
author, price, type, false);
bookList.setBooks(bookList.getSize(),book);
bookList.setSize(bookList.getSize()+1);
System.out.println("添加成功");
}
}Borrow類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.Book;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Borrow implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int i=0;
int flag=0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入需要借閱的書名");
String name = scan.next();
for(;iDelete類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Delete implements IO{
public void work(BookList bookList){
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入想要?jiǎng)h除的編號(hào)");
String id = scanner.next();
for(int i=0;iExit類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
public class Exit implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("退出成功");
System.exit(0);
}
}Find類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Find implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int i=0;
int count=0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入需要查找的書名");
String name = scan.next();
for(;iIO接口
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
public interface IO {
abstract public void work(BookList bookList);
}PrintAll類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
public class PrintAll implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
for(int i=0;iReturn類
package book_manager.Operation;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Return implements IO{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int i=0;
int flag=0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入需要?dú)w還的ID");
String id = scan.next();
for(;iuser包:
User類
package book_manager.user;
import book_manager.Operation.*;
import book_manager.Operation.IO;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
abstract public class User {
String name;
protected IO[] operation;
public User(String name){
this.name=name;
}
abstract public int menu();//該方法被重寫
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
operation[choice].work(bookList);
}
}Admin類
package book_manager.user;
import book_manager.Operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Admin extends User{
public Admin(String name){
super(name);
operation=new IO[]{
new Exit(),
new Find(),
new ADD(),
new Delete(),
new PrintAll(),
};
}
public int menu() {
System.out.println("============");
System.out.println("hello " + name);
System.out.println("1. 查找書籍");
System.out.println("2. 增加書籍");
System.out.println("3. 刪除書籍");
System.out.println("4. 打印所有信息");
System.out.println("0. 退出");
System.out.println("============");
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入您的選擇: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}NormalUser
package book_manager.user;
import book_manager.Operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name){
super(name);
operation=new IO[]{
new Exit(),
new Find(),
new Borrow(),
new Return(),
new PrintAll()
};
}
public int menu() {
System.out.println("============");
System.out.println("hello " + name);
System.out.println("1. 查找圖書");
System.out.println("2. 借閱圖書");
System.out.println("3. 歸還圖書");
System.out.println("4. 查看全部書籍");
System.out.println("0. 退出");
System.out.println("============");
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入您的選擇: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
// close 本質(zhì)上是在關(guān)閉 System.in
// 由于后面還需要用到 System.in, 此處不能盲目關(guān)閉.
// scanner.close();
return choice;
}
}最后還有一個(gè)Test類，里面放了main函數(shù)
package book_manager;
import book_manager.book.BookList;
import book_manager.user.Admin;
import book_manager.user.NormalUser;
import book_manager.user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList list = new BookList();
User user = login();
//通過(guò)不同的choice和身份調(diào)用不同的Operation方法
while(true){
int choice = user.menu();
user.doOperation(choice, list);
}
}
public static User login(){
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入你的姓名");
String name = scanner.next();
System.out.println("請(qǐng)輸入你的身份");
System.out.println("1.普通用戶 2.管理員");
int role= scanner.nextInt();
if(role==1){
return new NormalUser(name);
}
else{
return new Admin(name);
}
}
}關(guān)于“java如何實(shí)現(xiàn)圖書館管理系統(tǒng)”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內(nèi)容可以對(duì)大家有一定的幫助，使各位可以學(xué)到更多知識(shí)，如果覺得文章不錯(cuò)，請(qǐng)把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。
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