python2.7實(shí)現(xiàn)郵件發(fā)送功能-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
要想實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)能夠發(fā)送帶有文本、圖片、附件的python程序，首先要熟悉兩大模塊：
email以及smtplib
然后對(duì)于MIME（郵件擴(kuò)展）要有一定認(rèn)知，因?yàn)橛辛藬U(kuò)展才能發(fā)送附件以及圖片這些媒體或者非文本信息
最后一個(gè)比較細(xì)節(jié)的方法就是MIMEMultipart，要理解其用法以及對(duì)應(yīng)參數(shù)所實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能區(qū)別
發(fā)送郵件三部曲：
創(chuàng)建協(xié)議對(duì)象
連接郵件服務(wù)器
登陸并發(fā)送郵件
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import mimetypes
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import os
import smtplib
from email import Encoders as email_encoders
class Message(object):
def __init__(self, from_addr, to_addr, subject="", html="", text=None, cc_addr=[], attachment=[]):
self.from_addr = from_addr
self.subject = subject
if to_addr:
if isinstance(to_addr, list):
self.to_addr = to_addr
else:
self.to_addr = [d for d in to_addr.split(',')]
else:
self.to_addr = []
if cc_addr:
if isinstance(cc_addr, list):
self.cc_addr = cc_addr
else:
self.cc_addr = [d for d in cc_addr.split(',')]
else:
self.cc_addr = []
if html is not None:
self.body = html
self.body_type = "html"
else:
self.body = text
self.body_type = "plain"
self.parts = []
if isinstance(attachment, list):
for file in attachment:
self.add_attachment(file)
def add_attachment(self, file_path, mimetype=None):
"""
If *mimetype* is not specified an attempt to guess it is made. If nothing
is guessed then `application/octet-stream` is used.
"""
if not mimetype:
mimetype, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(file_path)
if mimetype is None:
mimetype = 'application/octet-stream'
type_maj, type_min = mimetype.split('/')
with open(file_path, 'rb') as fh:
part_data = fh.read()
part = MIMEBase(type_maj, type_min)
part.set_payload(part_data)
email_encoders.encode_base64(part)
part_filename = os.path.basename(file_path)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"'
% part_filename)
part.add_header('Content-ID', part_filename)
self.parts.append(part)
def __to_mime_message(self):
"""Returns the message as
:py:class:`email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart`."""
## To get the message work in iOS, you need use multipart/related, not the multipart/alternative
msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
msg['Subject'] = self.subject
msg['From'] = self.from_addr
msg['To'] = ','.join(self.to_addr)
if len(self.cc_addr) > 0:
msg['CC'] = ','.join(self.cc_addr)
body = MIMEText(self.body, self.body_type)
msg.attach(body)
# Add Attachment
for part in self.parts:
msg.attach(part)
return msg
def send(self, smtp_server='localhost'):
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(smtp_server)
smtp.sendmail(from_addr=self.from_addr, to_addrs=self.to_addr + self.cc_addr, msg=self.__to_mime_message().as_string())
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